Federal or Unitary System

1. Armenia: Armenia is a unitary state, meaning the central government holds most authority. Local regions have limited power, and key decisions come from the central government in Yerevan.
2. Iran: Iran is also unitary. It’s divided into provinces, but local governance is limited, with appointed governors. The central government in Tehran holds primary control, especially under religious authorities.

Legislative Systems

1. Armenia:

• Armenia has a unicameral legislature, the National Assembly, elected through a mixed system (both proportional and majoritarian). The Assembly makes laws, oversees the government, and approves budgets, with no upper house for additional checks.
• The President’s role is ceremonial, while the Prime Minister, chosen by the legislature, holds executive powers.

1. Iran:

• Iran’s unicameral legislature, the Majlis, is elected by the people. However, the Guardian Council, a religious oversight body, reviews all laws to ensure they align with Islamic principles. Half of the Council is appointed by the Supreme Leader, a religious figure with broad authority.

Comparison

1. Legislative Autonomy: Armenia’s National Assembly has more independence, while Iran’s Majlis operates under religious checks from the Guardian Council.
2. Role of Religion: Armenia is secular, with no formal religious oversight in legislation. Iran’s theocratic structure means laws must meet Islamic standards, with religion directly shaping government.
3. Checks and Balances: Armenia lacks internal checks in its single-chamber legislature, while Iran’s Guardian Council and Supreme Leader add layers of religious oversight to the legislative process.